How to make a Paper Airplane

Things you'll need:  

Paper (copier or computer printer paper works best), some 1/2" or 3/4" cellophane tape, and a paper clip.

(you can make several and experiment with different ways of making it fly)

Procedure 

Build a special paper airplane to demonstrate how airplane wings work and how most birds can fly (when they're not flapping their wings). 

See and print the airplane. 

Cut out the airplane's shape along the dark solid line. Next, fold the top half at the dotted line so that it meets the bottom half. Don't, however, fully crease the paper at the fold (we want to make a nice 'tear drop' air foil shape). After folding the paper back, put a small piece of tape at the wing tips and at the center at the points marked A, B, and C. Now fold the plane along the center crease so that it creates a flattened out 'V'. The angle of the 'V' should be no more than about 15 degrees. 

Test fly the plane and adjust its stability. Keep the nose of the plane from rising (stalling) by adding a small weight to the nose (point D), a paper clip or two does nicely. You can also adjust how much the plane dives or climbs by cutting small slots in the tail of the plane and bending the paper at the cuts up or down. Experiment with putting them up or down and seeing what effect that has on the way the plane flies. People who know about airplanes call these little 'tabs' an elevator if it makes the plane go up or down and a rudder if it makes the plane turn right or left.

How to Build a Water Rocket

Building a water rocket is a lot of fun as well as fairly simple. Water rockets are a great way to teach some basic scientific principles to your children like Newton's Laws of Motion. They also are a great way for both children and adults to just enjoy themselves.

Things you'll need:

Bike pump

 Water

    1.  Build the Rocket

 

Insert a 2-inch piece of 1/4-inch flexible copper tubing into the hole in the stopper. Apply glue to the hole of the stopper so that the tube will be secure, but be sure to not clog the tube.

Slide the end of a 2-foot section of 1/4-inch plastic tubing over the copper pipe and glue it in place. For extra strength you should also use a tie wrap to secure the plastic piping to the copper pipe.

Affix the bike valve stem to the other end of the plastic tubing. Glue this joint and use a tie wrap if necessary for strength.

2.  Build the Launcher

Saw the 4 feet of 2-by-4 into 2 2-foot sections.

Hinge the 2 2-foot sections of 2-by-4 together end to end.

Cut a 2-liter bottle in half from the top to the bottom. This will make a chute to set your rocket in. This chute will guide the rocket when it is launched.

Trim the bottom of the guide chute so that it will not catch the bottleneck when it launches.

Screw the launch chute onto one of the 2-by-4s.

3.  Launch the Rocket

Fill rocket halfway full with water then affix the stopper tightly to the bottle.

Stand up the launcher so that it is pointing in a safe direction.

Turn the bottle upside down and place it into the launcher chute.

Attach your bike pump to the valve stem and start pumping. Eventually the rocket will build enough pressure to release the stopper and fly!

Tips & Warnings

      Replace the bottle after a large number of launches as it is possible for the bottle to weaken over time.

      Sometimes you will not get the rocket to launch. Instead, it will only spray around the rubber stopper. Use caution if you go to touch the rocket as it is still pressurized and can launch if touched.

      Water rockets can travel at a high rate of speed. Do not fire them in the direction of homes, animals or people as property damage or injuries could result.

Study of a BLOOD CELLS

What are blood cells? What do they look like? What functions do they perform? How can I recognize the different categories? This is a short description of the blood cells and includes a simple experiment which allows you to become familiar with the cells of this precious liquid.

The blood consists of a suspension of particular cells in liquid called plasma. In an adult man, the blood is about 1/12th of the body weight and this equal up to 5-6 liters. Blood consists of 55 % plasma, and 45 % by cells called formed elements.

The blood performs a lot of important functions. By means of the hemoglobin contained in the erythrocytes, it carries oxygen to the tissues and collects the carbon dioxide (CO2). It also conveys nutritive substances (e.g. amino acids, sugars, mineral salts) and gathers the excreted material which will be eliminated through the renal filter. The blood also carries hormones, enzymes and vitamins. It performs the defense of the organism by mean of the phagocitic activity of the leukocytes, the bactericidal power of the serum and the immune response of which the lymphocytes are the protagonists.